Vertical hydraulic turbine



l Oct 25, 2 7 E' K INNES VERTICAL HYDRAULIC TURBINE Filed DeG. 28, 1925 L'lli Patented Oct. 25, 1927.

narran srnrss EDITH K. INNEs, or zIoN, ILLINOIS.

v VERTICAL HYDRAULIC frUrcsI-im.y

lApplication filed December 28, 1925. -Serial No. 77,972.

My present invention .appertains gener ally to improvements in turbines and specifically to a hydraulic turbine of the vertical type, as described in the present specifica-v tion and lillust-rated in the accompanying` drawings. `f y v The invention consists essentially vofthe Vnovel features pointed out broadly andA spe'- ciiically in the claims for novelty following a description containing any explanation in detail of an acceptable forni of the invention.

rlhis invention compreheiids the provision 0f a turbine adapted for use above a dam, a fall, rapids'or such other location where the water descends a distance equivalent to or greater 4than the descent of water through the turbine. f

`More specifically, Vthe invention comprises an iinpelleif, the uppereportion of which-is semi-spherical, while the lower portion is substantially the simulation of a frustrum of a cone in shape, including a multiplicity of varies of curved formation, connected to a common hub. A casing of similar shape surrounds said impeller and a water inlet channel extends partially above the upper portion of said casing and is providedy with varies which will direct the inflowing water against vthe upper portions of said impeller varies. rlhe area of the water outlet is smaller than the inlet, and in consequence will necessitate an increase in the velocity of the flow 0f egressing water, thereby creating strong suction and iinpelling the ingressing water with t considerable 'force against the impeller vanes.

Cognizant of the above, my invention has for its principal object the provision of a turbine adapted for use in slow flowing bodies of water in which a dam may be built or in which the turbine may be loca-ted to permit water flowing therethrough to egress 'substantially unrestricted to obviate bacliV pressure. n

Another object of my invention is to provide a turbine of iifigi'essing water is so directed that forces corresponding withthe natural phenomenal of a whirlpool are set up to create iiow of water through the turbine at a very. high velocity in comparison with rthe velocity of the flow of ingressing water, to generate considerable power in comparison *with water wheels andl analogous apparatus.

Other objects and advantages will be ap# parent ensuing a. perusal of the following this character inwhich the l specificationy re-ad in conjunction with the enclosed' drawings, in which F ig. 1 is a medial vertical transverse section ot a. turbine constructed in accordance with an acceptable form of lthe invention,v

the section lying inthe plane designated by the line l-l on FigzQ. y

`lhg. 2 is a horizontal section as it would appear when 'taken on .the plane designated by the lline 2 -2 on Fig. 1. i i

The'invention includesa hollow' casing ly the lower portion of lwhich corresponds iny shape with a frustrum of a cone.. The upper portion 2,l is `substantially semispherical. 3 designates ythe water inlet which extends around the greaterportionof the .upperpart of the casing referred to. a number of openings l are vprovid-ed, in the wall of said Vcasing'and vaiies 5.are` provided in thefwater inlet Sto direct vthe vingressing water in through said openings'e on to thevaiies yof.

the impeller which I will later describe. 6 designates a conduit or pipewhich is ein ployed to direct the water `egressingfrom the turbine. f s Y' The impeller.comprises a centralv hub- 7 carrying a multiplicity ofv curved .varies 8 which conform with theicontour of the casing described. `The upper portions of said' Yanes are convened to form what may be termed pockets for the water to presenta larger area .against which the ingrcssing water may inipinge. rl`he formation of the upper portions of the varies will be clearly l understood byreference to Fig. 2 in whichr the forward edges of the. 'upper portionsv thereof have been indicated in dotted lines,

.the walls ofthe vanes extending forwardlyV 1 to these lines.

journaled in bearings 1l andlQ of any approved design.

is premised, the turbineis adapted for location in a body of water such as a river K into the inlet 3 and is guided about the upper Sti . f The impeller is mounted on shafts and lO lUll portion of -thefiinpeller casing, flowing through the openings 4, being directed by Y y the vanes 5, on tothe impeller vaiies 8 with f considerable velocity due to suction created by restriction of the egressing water flowing through the outlet of the iinpeller casing.

CJI

At the `saine time, centrifugal forces are created which tend to Jthrow the water from olf the iiiipeller vanes and these forces acting in conjunction with the force of suction referred to causes the ingressiiig water to inipinge against' the impeller vanes with considerable velocity, which force is maintained as the water flows about the impeller casing against the full length of the impeller vanos until discharge therefrom. y Frointlie foregoing it will be apparent that my invention maybe utilized in com` paratiif'ely sloii7 iioiving bodies of water non7 considered of little use for power generating purposes. In addition, very little head is required, thereby obviating the necessity of building a dam to create a strong head such as is required with types of turbines" now in use. 'i

lVithout furtherv analysis, the foregoing will so "fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can by applyingV current knowledge, readily adapt it to various applications Y without omitting certainfeatures that from the standpoint of. theprior art fairly con-` stitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and there-` fore such adaptations wouldand are intended i to be comprehended within the meaning and range ofequivalen'cy of the following claims.`

TWhat l Claim as new is: Y i l. A hydraulic turbine including` a casing, the lower portion of which corresponds in shape with an inverted fiiistrumof -a cone,

having a substantially semi-spherical upper portion, a vertical impeller in said casing carrying iinpeller vanes the peripheries of .poi-tion of said casing,

which correspond in shape with said casing, a water inlet channel about the upper portion of said casing for directing water thereinto, :ind a water discharge outlet for said casing beneath saidimpeller.

Q, A hydraulic turbine including a casing, the lower portion of which corresponds in shape with an inverted friistrum of a cone, having a substantially semi-spherical upper portion, a vertical iinpeller insaid, casing carrying a multiplicity of curved vanes havingl convex upper portions,corresponding in shape with the upper portion of said casing; a water inlet channel about the upper portion of said casing for directing water thereinto, and a Water discharge outlet for said casing beneath said impeller.

3. A hydraulic turbine includiiigfa casing,

the lower portion of which corresponds inshape with an inverted frustruni of a conc, having a substantially semi-spherical upper portion, a vertical impeller insaid casing carrying a multiplicity of`curved`impeller Yanes, the upper portions of which are `convex, coi-responding in shape with the upper a Vwater inlet channel extending about a portion of the upper portion of saidcasing, openings in said casing, vanes in said ,water inlet channel for directing the ingressing Water through said openings in said casing on to said impeller `vanes and a water discharge outlet in said casing at the Vlower end of said inipeller. A y y In testimony whereof, I affix iny signature.

" EDITH fir. iNNns. 

